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The Kargyu Sect
Kargyu means dissemination and inheritance in Tibetan. The Kargyu
Sect is called the White Religion because monks dress in white robes.
The founder of the sect was Marpa, who began to study Buddhist scriptures
at the age of 15. In accordance with the custom of Indian Tantrism,
he wore a white robe. This style has been handed down from generation
to generation, becoming the sect's fashion. Monks of the Kargyu
Sect who follow the monastic ordinations of Sramanera and Bhiksu
also wear red robes , while those who abide by the monastic ordination
of Upasaka wear white robes edged with red and green.
Milaraspa is a legendary figure of the Kargyu Sect, known even to
women and children of the Tibetan ethnic group. At the age of 38
he became a disciple of Master Marpa, who passed on the Esoteric
Secret orally to him. Milaraspa was believed to be capable of flying
and of subduing evil spirits, and to possess magic powers. Stories
about him are collected in the Biography of Milaraspa, and are widely
known among Tibetans.
The Kargyu Sect pays great attention to Tantrism and inheriting
the doctrines of the "great gesture." In origin, the "great
gesture" was regarded as the Esoteric Secret which was passed
on to those who accepted the baptismal ceremony. Later, different
schools of the Kargyu Sect emerged, consisting of the Shangspa,
Phaggru and Karma branches. Among these branches, the abbot of Samding
Monastery was a woman and the only woman Living Buddha in Tibet.
The head of the Phaggru branch annexed vast areas of Wutsang during
the 14th century, replacing the political rule of the Saskya Sect
in Tibet, and establishing local government of religious and political
unity for 256 years. The karma branch initiated the system of transmigration
of living Buddhas in the 13th century. This system was adopted by
Tibetan Buddhism, and has been carried on to the present day, serving
as the most unique feature of Tibetan Buddhism, differentiating
it from the Han and Southern Buddhism.
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