| The Southwest
and Northwest Bureaus of the CPC Central Committee Send Delegations
to Tibet for Mediation Purpose
The Central People's Government invited the Tibetan authorities
on several occasions and through many channels to the negotiation
table. With the approval of the CPC Central Committee, on February
25, 1950, the Southwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee asked
Mi Wu, a well-known Han monk from Sichuan Province, to travel to
Tibet for mediation. The eminent monk had lived in Tibet and Tibetan
areas in other parts of China for 20 years and was a close acquaintance
of members of the Tibetan upper class, including Lhalu. Charong
and Yutog. Having studied for 10 years at the Zhaibung Monastery,
he was granted the highest academic degree of the Yellow Sect-Lharangba
Gexi. The goal of his Tibetan trip was to explain to his friends
the Central Government's policy for negotiation with the Dalai Lama
on matters concerning the peaceful liberation of Tibet and the firm
determination of the Central People's Committee to deploy PLA troops
in Tibet. During his visit, he spoke with members of local government
of Tibet led by the Dalai Lama and did his best to persuade the
Dalai Lama to break with the American and British imperialists and
to return his allegiance to the motherland. He told the Dalai Lama
that he or his representatives were expected to go to Beijing for
negotiation with the Central Government or negotiate with the PLA
Front Headquarters. Mi Wu did a great deal in this regard and also
aided the PLA troops in acquiring food and shelter when they marched
into Tibet.
In January 1950, the Northwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee
sent Zhang Jingcheng and some others to Tibet with a letter for
the 14th Dalai Lama and Prince Regent Dagzha from Liao Hansheng,
then Vice-Chairman of the Qinghai provincial government. He also
conveyed the oral message of Master Xerab Gyamco, also a vice-chairman
of the Qinghai provincial government. Attaching much attention to
Liao's letter, the local government of Tibet discussed it in the
Tibetan Assembly and responded saying, "After receiving your
letters of January 27, 1950, we immediately translated them into
Tibetan and read them before the Tibetan Assembly. We understand
your plan to liberate Tibet within the year and your hope that we
are not cheated and induced by the imperialists of Britain and the
United States. We cherish the long-term and friendly relations between
the patrons and the monasteries. Please explain to Beijing that
everything is very clear, we are looking forward to your instructions."
On May 3, 1950, the Qinghai provincial government sent a delegation
composed of lamas to Tibet to explain the principles of the Central
Government and to persuade the Tibetan government to accept the
conditions for peace talks, and immediately send representatives
to Xikang to negotiate with the PLA. The delegation was led by the
Living Buddha Damcai Tubdain Qumqi Norbu, elder brother of the 14th
Dalai Lama. As the abbot of the Tar Monastery, he was a member of
the Northwest Ethnic Affairs Committee. The deputy leader of the
delegation was Living Buddha Xanlin Geden Gyamco. Members of the
delegation included Xarabcang, the 7th Living Buddha of the Longwo
Monastery, with a religious position higher than the Living Buddha
Damcai. Chi Yurui served as the secretary of the delegation. Starting
in mid-July 1950, the delegation arrived at Xaquka Village in Nagqu
Prefecture in northern Tibet on October 14, where they were stopped
by Tibetan government official Kamqoin Tubdain Sambo. According
to the instructions of the Tibetan authorities, the delegation traveled
to Lhasa in two separate groups. However, Xarabcang, Xanlin and
another delegation members were placed under house arrest soon after
they reached Lhasa. Chi Yurui and three others were sent to Nedong
under escort and put into custody. The Living Buddha Damcai traveled
to Lhasa and then to Yadong, where he met with the 14th Dalai Lama
before fleeing to India via Yadong.
Secretary Chi Yurui struggled with Kamqoin Tubdain Sambo, who
was in charge of their imprison. Since the Tibetan authorities had
sent deputies to Beijing, they reasoned, the Tibetans would have
to let Chi Yurui go to Lhasa. When released, they hurried to Lhasa
and began their work. They overcame numerous difficulties in keeping
in touch with Beijing and avoiding supervision and obstruction by
the local government. In August 1951, they finally finished the
historic task.
On July 10, 1950, the Living Buddha Geda of the Baili Monastery
in Garze County, member of the Southwest Military and Political
Committee and vice-chairman of the Xikang provincial government,
was dispatched to Tibet. Re set off from the Baili Monastery with
a letter from the commander-in-chief of the Southwest Military and
Political Committee. On the way to Tibet, he spoke with locals and
monks he met that the Central Government and the PLA allowed freedom
of religious belief, protected monasteries, respected the customs
of the ethnic minorities, and planed to improve living standards
in the border regions; the Central Government allowed the Tibetan
political system to remain unchanged and that all matters related
to reforms in.
Tibet would be decided by the Tibetan leaders and the Tibetan
people through consultation. Re also dissuaded the heads of monasteries
and local militias from taking a hostile attitude toward the PLA
and suggested that the Han and Tibetan people should unite. His
actions won the support of the monks and people he met, but also
aroused the hatred of the imperialists and collaborators. Arriving
at Qamdo on July 24, he explained the aim of his trip to Lhalu Chewang
Doje, the chief attendant of Qamdo, and wrote to his good friends,
telling them he would go to Tibet to mediate a peace settlement.
Learning the news, the Tibetan authorities detained him in Qamdo,
not allowing him to go further into Tibet nor to return.
The plot of detaining Geda was hatched by the British spy Robert
W. Ford and his accomplices. On August 1 3, they forced Geda to
drink poisoned tea. 'I'll not regret even if I die. All I wish to
do is to go to Lhasa and meet with the Dala Lama," Geda said.
On August 21, Geda was forced to drink a poisoned tea again. and
on August 22, Geda died in his basement cell. To hide the evidence,
the group burned his body and escorted Geda's entourage into Lhasa.
After the liberation of Qamdo, Ford was arrested.
On May 9, 1950, Xerab Gyamco, Vice-chairman of the Qinghai provincial
government who enjoyed high prestige in Tibet, addressed the 14th
Dalai Lana by way of a radio broad-cast in an attempt to persuade
him not to believe rumors and to send a delegation to Beijing t;()r
peace negotiation. However, the Tibetan authorities turned a deaf
ear to the broadcast.
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